Publication Details
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Water plays an important role in the main processes occurring in nature, as well as in human life. In industry, water is used as a source of raw materials and energy, as a coolant or heater, as a solvent, as an extractant, as a means of transporting raw materials and materials, and for a number of other needs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Industrial wastewater is generated during the processing and extraction of organic and inorganic raw materials. The sources of wastewater generation in technological processes include: 1) water generated as a result of chemical reactions (which are contaminated with starting materials and reaction products); 2) water in the form of free and bound moisture in raw materials and primary products, as well as moisture generated during processing processes; 3) water generated after washing raw materials, products and equipment; 4) running aqueous solutions; 5) aqueous extracts and absorbents; 6) cooling waters; 7) other wastewater; water from vacuum pumps, mixing condensers, hydrosol losses, washing of containers, equipment and buildings.