Health Outcomes of Dysphagia in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) for 106 Iraqi Patients

Dysphagia is one of the indicators that most negatively affects the general health associated with patients who suffered of Parkinson's disease, which impairs their ability to eat foods in a healthy manner. This study was interesting to assess and analyze health outcomes related to dysphagia for patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). A cross-sectional study was undertaken in several hospitals in Iraq over a span of two years, including during February 3, 2022, until November 26, 2023. The study focused on patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease who furthermore have dysphagia. The study included an overall of 106 samples, having ages spanning between 50 to 70 years. In addition, this study has effectively established categorizations and assessments for the aim of classifying the degree of severity related to Parkinson's disease, as well as assessing the complexity and intensity of dysphagia among people diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The results recorded patients with Parkinson's as the most common category at 36.79%; males were higher at 66.98% than females at 33.02%; BMIs were <23.0 at 28.30%; and 24-26 at 37.74%. 36, accounting for 33.96%, 10.38% for smoking patients, and 89.62% for non-smoking patients. The most noticeable symptoms or indicators were tremors, which included 34 patients; Bradykinesia, which included 45 patients, is considered the most common among patients. The most common classification of Parkinson's disease severity in people was behavior, with a score of 69; activities of daily living, with a score of 104; complications of the disease, with a score of 98; and motor examination, with a score of 86. Our results recorded data on the grades and grades of dysphagia associated with Parkinson's disease, where oral motility was normal grade 3, severe grade 1, swallowing reflex involved grade 2, and delay was 1. Dysphagia has a significant influence on the overall well-being of those afflicted by Parkinson's disease, resulting in exerting a negative impact on their daily activities.