Comparative Study of Artificial Kidneys for Implantation
Ali Mohammed nayef; Ibrahim Mohammed Ali Saleh; Aseel Wasfy Alwan; Manar Abd_alghany Abd_aljaleel
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) affect millions globally, yet the availability of transplantable organs remains insufficient to meet patient needs. Despite decades of reliance on dialysis, limitations in quality of ...